Link Initialization and Training

The physical layer manages link initialization and training to determine the optimal link configuration, taking into consideration:

• Link speed
• Link width
• Lane polarity inversion
• Lane reversal

The PCIe Controller configures these parameters automatically during link training. Once link training is complete, the configured settings become fixed for the established PCIe link. You can only change these parameters by initializing a link retraining operation. For detailed information on link initialization and training, refer to the PCIe Base Specification.